The introduction of evidence in any proceeding assumes great importance and the provisions of the Indian Evidence Act, 1872, cover the relevant clauses dealing with various aspects pertaining to evidence. Section 3 defines various words such as “evidence”, “fact”, “facts in issue”, “relevant” etc. It is absolutely essential to have rule of evidence in proceedings more particularly in criminal trials for taking into consideration determination of the guilt or the innocence of the accused. Thus, the provisions of the Evidence Act function in its field to provide necessary guidelines to determine which material facts should be permitted to be adduced during the course of trial. Some times, certain facts, which are not absolutely essential for determination of the issue and yet such materials may be essential for ascertainment of truth. Here comes into operation the rule of evidence and the provisions of Evidence Act provide about ....